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| 1950 |
| | | The Canadian schooner St Roch becomes the first ship to travel through the Panama Canal and the Northwest Passage, thus circumnavigating North America | |
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| 1951 |
| | | Jacopo Arbenz, newly elected president of Guatemala, enrages the USA by expropriating the land of the United Fruit Company | |
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| 1951 |
| | | Syntex, a small chemical company in Mexico City, develops the first oral contraceptive | |
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| 1954 |
| | | An invasion of Guatemala from Honduras, with CIA support, brings to power a right-wing military junta | |
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| 1956 |
| | | Anastasio Somoza is assassinated on a visit to Panama, but the dictatorship of Nicaragua remains in his family | |
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| 1958 |
| | | Truman Capote publishes a short novel, Breakfast at Tiffany's, with a bewitching central character, Holly Golightly | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Guatemala is terrorized by government-linked death squads and emergent guerrilla groups | |
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| 1960 |
| | | 20-year-old Spanish tenor Placido Domingo sings his first major role, as Alfredo in La Traviata in the Mexican city of Monterrey | |
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| 1962 |
| | | The Sandinistas emerge as a guerrilla group in opposition to the Somoza dictatorship in Nicaragua | |
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| 1968 |
| | | Catholic bishops in Latin America, plagued by oppressive regimes, develop the concept of liberation theology | |
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